↑ In 1593, the French ambassador confessed: "When I see her enraged against any person whatever, I wish myself in Calcutta, fearing her anger like death itself". Somerset, 731–32.
1 2 In the act of July 1536, it was stated that Elizabeth was "illegitimate... and utterly foreclosed, excluded and banned to claim, challenge, or demand any inheritance as lawful heir...to [the King] by lineal descent". Somerset, 10.
↑ Our knowledge of Elizabeth’s schooling and precocity comes largely from the memoirs of Roger Ascham, also the tutor of Prince Edward. Loades, 8–10.
↑ "It was fortunate that ten out of twenty-six bishoprics were vacant, for of late there had been a high rate of mortality among the episcopate, and a fever had conveniently carried off Mary's Archbishop of Canterbury, Reginald Pole, less than twenty-four hours after her own death". Somerset, 98.
↑ "There were no less than ten sees unrepresented through death or illness and the carelessness of 'the accursed cardinal' [Pole]". Black, 10.
↑ Trong tháng 4 năm 1559, có báo cáo là Amy bị "một căn bệnh trong một bộ ngực của cô" và được phỏng đoán là bà bị ung thư. Vào thời điểm đó, nhiều người tin rằng Dudley đã bỏ bà để kết hôn với Nữ vương (In April 1559, Amy had been reported as suffering from a "malady in one of her breasts", and it is now presumed that she had cancer. At the time, it was widely believed that Dudley had done away with her in order to marry the queen). Somerset, 166–167.
↑ Khi vào năm 1566 một ủy ban quốc hội kêu gọi Elizabeth chỉ định một người thừa kế, bà đề cập đến việc "một người thứ hai, như là tôi trước đây" đã được sử dụng như là trọng điểm của âm mưu chống lại chị gái mình, Nữ vương Mary I (When in 1566 a parliamentary commission urged Elizabeth to name an heir, she referred to the way "a second person, as I have been" had been used as the focus of plots against her sister, Queen Mary). Haigh, 22–23.
↑ Mary's position as heir derived from her great grandfather Henry VII, through Henry VIII's sister Margaret Tudor. In her own words, "I am the nearest kinswoman she hath, being both of us of one house and stock, the Queen my good sister coming of the brother, and I of the sister". Guy, 115.
↑ Theo điều khoản của Hiệp ước, cả Anh và Pháp đều rút quân khỏi Scotland. Haigh, 132.
↑ Khi đô đốc hải quân Tây Ban Nha, Công tước Medina Sidonia, đến bờ biển gần Calais mới biết đạo quân của Công tước xứ Parma chưa sẵn sàng nên buộc phải hoãn binh, do đó tạo cơ hội cho quân Anh triển khai tấn công. Loades, 64.
↑ Though most historians accept that Elizabeth gave such a speech, its authenticity has been questioned (Frye, The Myth of Elizabeth at Tilbury, 1992), since it was not published until 1654. Doran, 235–236.
↑ Alexander Farnese (1545 – 1592), là Công tước xứ Parma và Piacenza từ 1586-1592, và Thống đốc Hà Lan thuộc Tây Ban Nha từ 1578 -1592. Parma thống lĩnh đạo quân tinh nhuệ trú đóng tại Hà Lan dự định phối hợp với Armada Tây Ban Nha tiến chiếm nước Anh trong kế hoạch xâm lăng Vương quốc Anh của Vua Felipe II trong năm 1588, nhưng thất bại.
↑ This criticism of Elizabeth was noted by Elizabeth's early biographers William Camden and John Clapham. For a detailed account of such criticisms and of Elizabeth's "government by illusion", see chapter 8, "The Queen and the People", Haigh, 149–169.
↑ After Essex's downfall, James VI of Scotland referred to Cecil as "king there in effect". Croft, 48.
↑ Cecil wrote to James, "The subject itself is so perilous to touch amongst us as it setteth a mark upon his head forever that hatcheth such a bird". Willson, 154.
↑ The age of Elizabeth was redrawn as one of chivalry, epitomised by courtly encounters between the queen and sea-dog "heroes" such as Drake and Raleigh. Some Victorian narratives, such as Raleigh laying his cloak before the queen or presenting her with a potato, remain part of the myth. Dobson and Watson, 258.
↑ In his preface to the 1952 reprint of Queen Elizabeth I, J. E. Neale observed: "The book was written before such words as "ideological", "fifth column", and "cold war" became current; and it is perhaps as well that they are not there. But the ideas are present, as is the idea of romantic leadership of a nation in peril, because they were present in Elizabethan times".
↑ The new state religion was condemned at the time in such terms as "a cloaked papistry, or mingle mangle". Somerset, 102.
↑ "The problem with the 'Protestant heroine' image was that Elizabeth did not always live up to it. London Protestants were horrified in 1561 when they heard of the plan to get Spanish support for a Dudley marriage by offering concessions on religion, and it took Elizabeth almost a decade to re-establish her Protestant credentials." Haigh, 165.
↑ As Elizabeth's Lord Keeper, Sir Nicholas Bacon, put it on her behalf to parliament in 1559, the queen "is not, nor ever meaneth to be, so wedded to her own will and fantasy that for the satisfaction thereof she will do anything...to bring any bondage or servitude to her people, or give any just occasion to them of any inward grudge whereby any tumults or stirs might arise as hath done of late days". Starkey, 7.
